logo
Volume 41, Issue 4 (Winter 2020)                   Athar 2020, 41(4): 460-479 | Back to browse issues page

XML Persian Abstract Print

Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Shariat M, Hoseyny H, Farrokhfar F. (2020). Analysis of Decorative Elements in the Inscriptions of Metal Utensils, Khorasan Style of Seljuk. Athar. 41(4), 460-479.
URL: http://athar.richt.ir/article-2-669-en.html
Analysis of Decorative Elements in the Inscriptions of Metal Utensils, Khorasan Style of Seljuk
Malihe Shariat *1 , Hashem Hoseyny2 , Farzaneh Farrokhfar3
1- Master student of Art Research, Faculty of Art, University of Neyshabur, Neyshabur, Iran , maliheshariat67@gmail.com
2- Associate Professor, Art Research Department, Faculty of Art, University of Neyshabur, Neyshabur, Iran
3- Assistant Professor, Art Research Department, Faculty of Art, University of Neyshabur, Neyshabur, Iran
Abstract:   (3182 Views)

The Seljuk era is one of the creative eras of the Islamic world and the peak of Iranian arts. Among the arts which flourished in this era, metalworking is a Seljuk method attributed to the Seljuks. During this period, a speacial and independent style and method was created in the shadow of encouragement and support of Seljuk rulers and sultans. Artists and craftsmen, especially in the northeastern regions of Iran, namely Khorasan and Transoxiana, created new methods, techniques and styles to experience. The most prominent decorative feature of these works is the inscriptions that were beautifully located all around or part of the metal body. The variety of beautiful paintings and Islamic calligraphy which were inserted on these inscriptions, not only provide contextual information about the culture and beliefs of that time, but also provide a rich visual and written source that indicates the quality of the decoration of Herat school of metal utensil. The purpose of this study is recognition of aesthetic characteristic of the inscriptions of these works in both area of painting and Islamic Calligraphy. The overall results of the research reflect the cultural and religious views of the makers and the state of the visual and written arts of the society at that time. The cultural and artistic features of this period include the use of geometric patterns, plant, animal, and humanistic ornamentation and the use of Arabic scribes and inscriptions, and the Kufic script like Naskh, with the same themes as prayer, praise, along with information indicating the power of the owner and names of artists, craftsmen and customers in Herat School.

Keywords: Khorasan Seljuk, Metal utensil, Inscriptions, Art of Seljuk era.
Full-Text [PDF 5733 kb]   (2734 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Original Research Article | Subject: Archeology and History of Art
Received: 2021/02/27 | Accepted: 2021/05/5 | Published: 2021/07/25
References
1. Afrough, M. & Norouzi Talab, A. (2012). Analysis of astronomical concepts as decorative shapes and forms of metal works of the Seljuk period; Case study: Brass catchment. Nagreh Scientific Research Quarterly, 21, 68-84.
2. Bosworth, C. E. (2002). The Cambridge History of Iran: From the arrival of the Seljuks to the collapse of the Ilkhanate, Translated by Hasan Anooshe, Vol. 5. Tehran: AmirKabir Pess.
3. Cattelli, M., & Hambis, L. (1987). History of Iranian art: Art of Seljukes and Khawrazimis, in ‎Encyclopedia of word art. New York: McGraw-Hill.
4. Cattelli, M., & Hambis, L. (1998). History of Iranian art: Art of Seljukes and Khawrazimis, in ‎Encyclopedia of word art. translated to Farsi by Yaqub Azhand. Tehran: Molla Publications.
5. Dastan, N., & Bakhshandeh, M. (2017). A comparative study of the visual properties of metal mirrors in Iran and China with a look at the Seljuk period. Nagreh Scientific-Research Quarterly, 42, 98-110. [in Persian]
6. Dehkhoda, A. (1998). Persian Dictionary. Under the supervision of Mohammad Moin and Seyed Jafar Shahidi. Tehran: University of Tehran Press.
7. Fahrvari, G. & Kiani, M. Y. (1981). Metals Discovered from Robat. Athar Journal, 9, 72-106. [in Persian]
8. Freer Gallery of Art & Arthur M. Sackler Gallery (2020, October 31). National Museum of Asian Art, Seljuk,
9. Hall, J. (2010). Dictionary of Symbols in East and West Art, translated by Roghayeh Behzadi. Tehran: Contemporary Culture Publications.
10. Heydarabadian, Sh., & Abbasifard, F. (2010). The Art of Islamic Metalworking. Tehran: Sobhan Noor.
11. Hosseini, H. (2012). The role of composite creatures in the pottery art of the Islamic period of Iran. Journal of Fine Arts, 17(4), 45-54. [in Persian]
12. Janbazi, F. (2012). The Scorpion Theme in the Works of Prehistoric Civilizations of Iran. Jelveh Honar Journal, 7, 15-29. [in Persian]
13. Khanipour, R. (2004). Inscriptions and Inscriptions painting. Journal of Art Ketabmah (Art Quarterly Book Review), 77 & 78, 160-164. [in Persian]
14. Khezri, M. M., & Charei, A. (2017). Study of lines and decorations of Kufic and third inscriptions on Iranian metal utensils in the Seljuk territory. Journal of Great Khorasan, 25, 25-50. [in Persian]
15. Loukonine, V. & Ivanov, A. (2003). Persian Lost Treasures. London: Mage Publishers.
16. Louvre Museum. (2020. October 31). Departments of Islamic-art. Retrieved from https://www. louvre.fr/en/departments/islamic-art
17. Melikian, A. S. (1982). Islamic Metalwork from the Iranian world, 8th -18th Centuries, London: Victoria & Albert Museum Catalogue.
18. Metal Material, Washington.
19. Metropolitan Museum of Art. (2020. Octobr 31). The Art of the Seljuqs of Iran (ca. 1040-1157). Retrieved from https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/iselj/hd_iselj.htm
20. Mortazavi, M. (2016). A Study of the Role of the Cheetah in Iranian Art Works (from the Neolithic to the Safavid Era). International Conference on Art Research, Singapore, December 16, 250-264.
21. Musapour, Y., & Mahmoudi, F. (2016). The effect of metal working of Khorasan School on metal working of Mosul school. Journal of Mutaliat-i Honar-i Bumi (the Arts of Caspian Area), 3, 127-156. [in Persian]
22. Museum of Fine Arts. (2020. December 01). Museum of Fine Arts Boston. https://collections.mfa.org/search/objects/*/seljuk
23. National Museum of Iran (2020. October. 31). Seljuk Art. http://irannationalmuseum.ir
24. Nowruzi-Talab, A., & Afrough, M. (2011). A Study of form, decoration and content in the art of metal working during the Seljuk and Safavid eras. Journals of Islamic Art Studies, 12, 113-128. [in Persian]
25. Pakiari, S., & Ayatollahi, H. (2004). Metalworking from Khorasan School to the Mogul era. Journal of Culture and Art »Visual Arts,« 20, 138-148. [in Persian]
26. Pope, A. and others. (1958). A New Survey of Persian art. From Prehistoric Times to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
27. Pope, A., and others. (2002). Iranian Artistic Masterpieces. Adapted by Parviz Natel-Khanlari, Second edition. Tehran: Scientific and Cultural Publishing Company.
28. Pope, A., and others. (2009). A New Survey of Persian art. Translated to Farsi by Najaf Darya-Bandari and others, first edition, volume 4. Tehran: Scientific and Cultural Publishing Company.
29. Pope, A., and others. (Phyllis Ackerman, Eric Schroeder & Dryden Press). (1945). Iranian Artistic Masterpieces. New York: Dryden Press.
30. Rafiefar, J. & Malek, M. (2013). Iconography of the Leopard and Snake Symbol in the Works of Jiroft (Third Millennium BC). Iranian Journal of Archaeological Research, 4(3), 7-37. [in Persian]
31. Razani, M., Bakhshandeh Fard, H., & Tavakoli, A. (2009). Seljuk metalwork of Islamic art with Iranian identity. Journal of Knowledge of Restoration and Cultural Heritage, 5, 55-63. [in Persian]
32. Sahragard, M. (2014). Masterpieces of Astan Quds Razavi, Inscription of Goharshad Mosque. Mashhad: Astan Quds Razavi Publications. [in Persian]
33. Taheri Nia, F. (2014). A Study of the Status and Application of the Kufic Calligraphy in the Metal Works of the Seljuk Period of Iran; Practical title: Design of amulets based on metal motifs of the Seljuk period of Iran. MA thesis. Tehran: Art University of Tehran.
34. Tohidi, F. (2011). Fundamentals of Arts: Metalworking, Painting, Pottery, Woven and Textiles, Architecture, Calligraphy, Second Edition. Tehran: Samira Press.
35. Victoria & Albert Museum. (2021. March. 3). The world's leading museum of art and design. http://www.vam.ac.uk/page/m/metalwork
36. Walters Art Museum, Baltimore. (2020). Islamic world. https://art.thewalters.org/browse/category/islamic-world
Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA
Send email to the article author

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.