fa سفال منقوش نامُرد: سفال مربوط به اواخر دورۀ پارت و دورۀ ساسانی جنوب‌شرق ایران و سواحل خلیج‌فارس تخصصی باستان‌شناسی Special Archeology پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;">محوطه‌های باستان‌شناختی بسیار اندکی مربوط به دورۀ ساسانی در جنوب‌شرق و سواحل خلیج‌فارس کاوش شده، بنابراین مجموعۀ سفالی با تاریخ‌گذاری مطمئن ساسانی در این ناحیه معرفی نشده است. به همین دلیل شناسایی محوطه‌های ساسانی جنوب‌شرق و سواحل خلیج‌فارس بسیار مشکل و مجموعۀ سفال تاریخ‌گذاری‌شدۀ دقیق مربوط به دورۀ ساسانی برای درک دورۀ ساسانی این منطقه لازم است. سفال در دورۀ ساسانی همچون دورۀ اشکانی محلی بوده و هر منطقه از ایران سبک و ویژگی‌های سفالی خاصی دارد. هدف این مقاله پرداختن به این مسأله و معرفی یکی از گونه‌های شاخص سفال ساسانی جنوب‌شرق ایران براساس سفال‌های به‌دست‌آمده از بررسی‌ها و کاوش‌های انجام‌شدۀ جنوب‌شرق ایران و سواحل جنوبی و شمالی خلیج‌فارس است. این گونه که به نام سفال نارنجی ظریف منقوش یا &laquo;نامُرد&raquo; مشهور است، پراکندگی گسترده‌ای در سواحل شمالی و جنوبی خلیج‌فارس و جنوب‌شرق ایران دارد. این گونه تنها از کاوش‌های انجام‌شده در محوطه‌ها‌ی کوش، مِلیحا و اِددور در امارات متحده، تپه‌یحیی در بافت کرمان و تَم‌مارون در میناب به‌دست آمده است، ولی شمار زیادی از این‌ گونه در بررسی‌های انجام‌شده در این مناطق نیز یافت شده است. سفال گونۀ نامُرَد دو گونه است؛ یک گونۀ آن مربوط به اواخر دورۀ اشکانی و گونۀ دیگر مربوط به اوایل و اواسط دورۀ ساسانی است. روش یافته‌اندوزی این پژوهش میدانی و کتابخانه‌ای، ولی اساس یافته‌اندوزی در این پژوهش میدانی است.</div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Abstract</strong><br> Due to few is excavated Sasanian sites in southwestern Iran and Persian Gulf, the region still lacks a securely dated pottery assemblage from this period, which renders identification of the Sassanid sites there extremely difficult. Therefore, a reliably dated ceramic collection is essential for better understanding of the Sassanid period. The present paper addresses this issue and sets to introduce one of the typical type of Sassanid pottery of southeast Iran based on material recorded during surveys and excavations at Southeast of Iran and northern and southern coast of Persian Gulf. This type which is famous to fine orange painted ware or &ldquo;Namord&rdquo; Widely distributed in the Northern and Southern coasts of the Persian Gulf and Southeast of Iran. This type was only obtained from excavated sites at Kush, Mleiha and ed-Dur in United Arabian Emirate, Tape Yahya in Kerman and Tame Maroun in Minab. Also many of these types have been found in survey of these areas. There are two type of Namord ware; one type is belonging to late Parthian period and another one dated back to early and middle Sassanid period. Due to the wide distribution of the Namord ware in southeast of Iran and northern and southern beaches of the Persian Gulf, probably, this type of pottery in the Persian Gulf has been used as a kind of commercial goods. The absence Namord ware in Kuwait, Bahrain, and Saudi Arabia is representing close relationships between eastern parts of the Persian Gulf (Emirates and Oman) and south and southeast beaches of Iran. Also, the existence of Namord ware in Gana of Yemen, is represents expanding the trade of this pottery to the east beaches of the Indian Ocean.<br> <strong>Keywords:</strong> Namord Ware, Sassanid, Southeast, Persian Gulf.<br> <br> <strong>Introduction</strong><br> As we know, pottery in the Sassanid period like the Parthian period has been local style, and each region of Iran in this period have been a special style of pottery. One of the areas, that Sassanid pottery in it little known, is southeast of Iran and the Persian Gulf beaches. A very large part of southeastern Iran (Kerman, Hormozgan, Sistan and Baluchestan provinces) in terms of archeology is less recognize than other parts of Iran. Unfortunately, due to the lack of archaeological excavations in this area of Iran, we can&rsquo;t present correct theory about Sassanid pottery this area. One of the most important sites in the south east (that has the Sassanid period) is Tape Yahya in the southeast of Baft county near of Soghan. The Tame Maroun is another important Sassanid site. Sarlak based on the pottery obtained from different layers of this site, five cultural periods have been identified on this site (Sarlak, 2011: 374). Emirates and Oman (that have done more excavations in them) are located in the cultural area of the southern of Persian Gulf. The Sohar excavations in Oman, and excavations of Addor, Koush, and Meliha in Emirates are most important excavations in this area. Koush is important of site in southern beaches of the Persian Gulf that has a fairly accurate chronology. Based on excavations done in this site, period 1 is the oldest settelement in Koush, includes two steps of brick building that can be related to 6th and 7th century AD (Kennet, 2005). From this period (6th and 7th century AD) has been obtained large number of pottery related to Namord. In addition to excavation, a lot of surveys have also been conducted in this cultural area. These surveys have been done by Descartes, Potts, and &hellip; In these surveys have been obtained large number of pottery related to Namord.<br> Pottery dispersion of Namord in southeast of Iran and northern beaches of Persian Gulf<br> In 1983 Seyyed Mansour Seyyed Sajjadi with an archaeological team was surveyed Rodbar valley in southern Kerman. Seyyed Sajjadi was obtained Namord ware from the four sites of Ghaleh Kharg, Dogari, Tamb Namord, and Sitamb. Also, this pottery has been obtained from the layer 1 of Tape Yahya. Furthermore, Namord ware has been obtained from the third period of the Tame Maroun. Namord ware in third period of the Tame Maroun has red and orange paste. This type of pottery in Bushehr has orange color and with gravel temper. Also, Namord ware is obtained in surveys conducted in Damb Koh and Qeshm Island.<br> <br> <strong>Pottery dispersion of Namord in the southeast of Saudi Arabia and the south beaches of Persian Gulf</strong><br> The Namord ware is obtained in Alganam Island, Addor, Koush, Meliha, and Tal Abrak. From the Meliha fort has been obtained a few glasses of delicate and painted from the type of Namord. The paste of this pottery in Meliha is so stiff and has orange color. In surveys of northern Oman in the peninsula of Mosandam has been obtained samples similar to painted pottery of Namord.<br> <br> <strong>Conclusion</strong><br> Due to Widespread of Namord ware in southeastern Iran and northern and southern beaches of the Persian Gulf, probably, this pottery as a commodity has been exchanged between the north and south of the Persian Gulf. Trade this pottery have probably been for the quality this type of pottery. Namord ware has been obtained most from areas the eastern of the Persian Gulf, especially from Alganam Island, Addor, Koush, Meliha, and Tal Abrak. It seems, this type of pottery has been produced in one or two small areas (probably in Minab plain and Halil Roud), and has been exported to other places as a valuable commodity.</div> <div style="text-align: justify;"></div><div style="text-align: justify;"></div> خلیج‌فارس, جنوب‌شرق, ساسانی, سفال نامُرد. Namord Ware, Sassanid, Southeast, Persian Gulf. 67 82 http://journal.richt.ir/mbp/browse.php?a_code=A-10-56-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Alireza Khosrowzadeh علیرضا خسروزاده akhosrowzadeh@yahoo.com Yes Assistant Professor, Department of Archaeology, University of Shahrekord استادیار گروه باستان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهرکرد Siamak Sarlak سیامک سرلک siamaksarlak88@gmail.com No Ph.D. Candidate, Archeology, University of Isfahan پژوهشکدۀ باستان‌شناسی، دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه هنر اصفهان