fa تحلیل اثر هندسه بر ویژگی‌های کالبد معمارانۀ سابات‌های ایرانی نمونۀ موردمطالعه: سابات‌های پیوستۀ محلۀ فهادان یزد تخصصی باستان‌شناسی Special Archeology پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;">در معماری بومی ایران یکی از اصول طراحی فضاهای شهری مردم‌واری بوده است. معمار ایرانی همیشه نیازها و خواست‌های انسان را درنظر می‌گرفته است. معمار گذشته براساس اقلیم موردنظر فضای معماری را درجهت فراهم کردن آسایش انسان طراحی می‌کرده است. باتوجه به اینکه از ویژگی‌های معماری اقلیم گرم‌وخشک ایران آفتاب سوزان و درجه حرارتی بالاست، یکی از تمهیداتی که معمار گذشته درجهت سایه‌اندازی در گذرها طراحی و ساخته است، سابات‌ها هستند. سابات‌ها ساختارهایی در کوچه‌ها و گذرها هستند که بخشی از معبر را سرپوشیده کرده و همچنین این عناصر اقلیمی علاوه‌بر مطلوب ساختن شرایط زیستی، در مقاوم‌سازی ساختمان‌های دو طرف گذرها نقش داشته‌اند. با مطالعه و بررسی پیرامون ساختار کالبدی این عناصر اقلیمی-سازه‌ای می‌توان بخشی از دانش نهفته‌‌شدۀ فراموش‌شدۀ معماران گذشته ایران را نمایان ساخت و همچنین در شهرسازی امروزی از این عناصر بومی پایدار الگوبرداری کرد و بهره گرفت. بین هندسه و کالبد معماری سابات‌های محلۀ فهادان یزد، رابطۀ معنی‌دار و مستقیمی وجود دارد. براساس مرور ادبیات، موضوع این پژوهش و بررسی‌های انجام‌گرفته، تاکنون برروی مفهوم سابات به‌عنوان عنصری اقلیمی، بررسی میزان پایداری آن در گذرها و گونه‌شناسی در شهرهایی چون اصفهان، یزد، دزفول و شوشتر صورت گرفته است. این نوشتار برای نخستین‌بار ویژگی‌های هندسی، معماری سابات‌های محلۀ فهادان یزد را مورد ارزیابی قرار داده است. پژوهش حاضر براساس هدف، بنیادی-کاربردی و به‌روش استدلال استقرایی داده‌ها به اثبات رسیده است. گردآوری اطلاعات به‌شیوۀ کتابخانه‌ای، میدانی و ترسیمی انجام شده و این مقاله بر آن است تا تأثیر هندسه بر کالبد و شکل معمارانه سابات‌های محلۀ موردنظر را مورد تحلیل قرار دهد. براساس یافته‌های این تحقیق آشکار شد که هندسه به‌عنوان عاملی تأثیرگذار بر کالبد معماری سابات‌های محلۀ فهادان یزد است. نقشۀ سابات‌های موردمطالعه از مستطیل کامل ایرانی و یا دیگر نسبت‌های آن پیروی می‌کنند. بیشتر سابات‌های انتخابی در این محله ازلحاظ کشیدگی نقشه درجهت شمالی-جنوبی قرار گرفته‌اند. بیشترین تعداد سابات‌ها ازلحاظ مکانی در وسط گذر واقع‌ شده‌اند، همچنین هندسۀ قوس آن‌ها بیشترین تعداد به‌صورت مازه‌دار است.</div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Abstract</strong><br> In architecture a native of Iran is one of the principles of designing urban spaces people heir. Iranian architect has always been the human needs and demands into consideration. The architect of the past based on the desired climate space architecture in order to provide the human comfort design. Climatic conditions, along with other environmental factors, including the most important factors in the formation of the urban tissue. According to the characteristics of the architecture of the hot and dry climate of the burning sun of Iran and high thermal grade set, one of the last in the direction of the architect prolegomena ghosting in designed and produced Gzarha, awning. The awning are enable in the alley and Gzarha, which is part of Ford&rsquo;s baths and climatic elements as well as the optimum biological requirements, in addition to making in retrofitting buildings of both sides of the Gzarha role. Unfortunately, nowadays in Iranian architecture, awning, to have been forgotten and the urban tissue of the awning or totally destroyed or have been to have been abandoned. With the recognition and evaluation of the architectural had knowledge of the geometry of the design knowledge can be structural elements of the &lsquo; climate-and once again, and also can be found in contemporary design and the urban tissue of the upcoming hot and dry climate of these special elements of the template. Between the geometry and the architecture of Yazd Fahadan quarter awnings body, and there is significant direct relationship. Based on the literature reviewed thus far, little research on the subject of the typology of Iranian awning and reviews of this climatic elements-from the perspective of structural knowledge of geometry.<br> <strong>Keywords:</strong> Indigenous Architecture of Iran, Geometry and Proportions, Consecutive Awning, the Yazd Fahadan Quarter.<br> <br> <strong>Introduction</strong><br> More research on the concept of the awning as the climatic element, check its stability in the amount of Gzarha and typology in the cities of Isfahan, Yazd, Kermanshah and because Shushtar. This document first geometric features of the architecture of the neighborhood, Yazd Fahadan awnings case is assessed. In the present study research methodology in terms of the objective applied-and in terms of the fundamental, method, method of inductive reasoning. The data field of a library, and on the left-hand tyranny. As well as the method of the analysis of qualitative data, quantitative methods-. After the library studies about the awning and its species, the hot and dry climate, awning, city of Yazd. Given that the neighborhood is one of the valuable historical neighborhoods Fahadan city of Yazd and had the original on the awning has chosen this neighborhood Neighborhood and 25 examples of this continuous awnings precious historic texture of the randomly selected, shooting data and to invoke the method of inductive analysis of the entire case apart. In this study, 256 Motalah sample random item selection and expressed. Between the geometry and the architecture of Yazd Fahadan quarter awnings body, and there is significant direct relationship. Based on the literature reviewed thus far, little research on the subject of the typology of Iranian awning and reviews of this climatic elements-from the perspective of structural knowledge of geometry.<br> <br> <strong>Research Findings</strong><br> This article focuses on the impact it has had on the geometry and shape of the neighborhood architectural desired awning case analysis. This research was completed in line with the previous research and reviews of historical proportions awning Fahadan quarter of Yazd. Based on the review conducted, became apparent between the geometry as a factor influencing the Fahadan quarter of Yazd awning architecture machines. The awning case study in terms of the geometry of the plan and the facade proportions and comply with the Iranian. The planning rectangular Fahadan quarter of Yazd awning is complete to the ratio of 1.73 and the ratio of that follow. This was evident in the analysis of the maximum number of the awning case reviews in terms of placement location in the middle of the pass. The largest number of covering arch with arch, and most of these Mazh awning in the direction North-South geographic have been drawn. As mentioned, an important element of the native architecture awning and climate are considered that Iran nowadays knowledge making it to oblivion. With this special climatic elements can be revived by the ancient native patterns as well as in the construction of the urban tissue and forming of new concepts that are of interest. In this study, the historical neighborhood of awning plan and valuable knowledge from the perspective of Yazd Sahadan geometry and rectangular proportions of Persia were analyzed. In future research can be found other than to work in Iran and other Persian architecture in the structure and architecture of the climatic elements-structural (awning) about the investigation. This test also can be used for other cities and places of historical texture of Yazd.<br> <br> <strong>Conclusion</strong><br> As mentioned, an important element of the native architecture awning and climate are considered that Iran nowadays knowledge making it to oblivion. With this special climatic elements can be revived by the ancient native patterns as well as in the construction of the urban tissue and forming of new concepts that are of interest. In this study, the historical neighborhood of awning plan and valuable knowledge from the perspective of Yazd Sahadan geometry and rectangular proportions of Persia were analyzed. In future research can be found other than to work in Iran and other Persian architecture in the structure and architecture of the climatic elements-structural (awning) about the investigation. This test also can be used for other cities and places of historical texture of Yazd.</div> معماری بومی ایران, هندسه و تناسبات, سابات‌های پیوسته, محلۀ فهادان یزد. Indigenous Architecture of Iran, Geometry and Proportions, Consecutive Awning, the Yazd Fahadan Quarter. 77 94 http://journal.richt.ir/mbp/browse.php?a_code=A-10-34-7&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Shafagh Tavakoli شفق توکلی tavakoli.shafagh@gmail.com No M.A. Historical Fabric Conservation Islamic Azad University Kerman Branch. کارشناس‌ارشد مرمت بنا، مربی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرمان. Shahriar Nasekhian شهریار ناسخیان s.nasekhian@aui.ac.ir Yes Assistant Professor, Department of Historical Fabric Conservation, Isfahan University of Art. عضو هیئت‌علمی گروه مرمت ابنیه و بافت‌های تاریخی، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان Mahbobeh Mortezaei محبوبه مرتضایی mhdkhtmrt242@gmail.com No B.S. Candidate Architecture Islamic Azad University Kerman branch. دانشجوی کارشناسی مهندسی معماری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرمان.