Pirouz Hanachi, Sara Taymourtash, Volume 1, Issue 1 (4-2017)
Abstract
The concept of industrial heritage arose in the middle of 20th century, when several industrial buildings and urban landscapes were destroyed in the UK. Since then, numerous efforts have been put to recognize industrial heritage works. Industrial sites are considered as a milestone in human history; they contain memories from a period which was a nuisance, and at the same time symbolized hope toward a better life. Through their architecture, industrial buildings represent technological developments of countries, and the socio-cultural values of their own period.
Loss of their industrial uses within cities, and their unsuccessful social status put these buildings on the verge of destruction. A shift in the mainstream attitude in terms of work and activities, and an architectural style originating from universal experience highlight the importance of investigation and preservation of these buildings. This is where the knowledge to preserve those building which are unable to secure their own prosperity gains importance. The reason of this inability comes from the fact that these buildings are no longer needed, which turns them into abandoned and unsafe spaces, endangering well-being of the society. Adaptive reuse of an existing historical building and adding an extension to it will create movement, liveliness and visual diversity, while maintaining the building character. Enormous scale of the factory, the rhythmic repetition, the length which points to the infinity and even melancholic colors are key points when seeking for an authentic design in order to reuse the building.
The importance of the historical castles ofIlam province is above all because this region, as one of the government centers, was the site of the formation of prominent castles during the Sassanid period, which introduced the political and social structure of that era. Over time, a number of these monuments have lost their original function and have become abandoned, making their preservation an inevitable necessity. Adaptive reuse through appropriate change of use is an effective solution for the restoration of these valuable buildings. The main question of the research is: "How can we help preserve and restore the historical castles of Ilam with an adaptive reuse (AR) approach?" The research method is mixed and data were collected and analyzed from documentary studies and field observations. The statistical population includes ten students of the sixth semester of the Bachelor of Architecture program at Jundi- Shapur University of Technology in Dezful, and the "Architectural Design 3" workshop was chosen as the research context. The results show that the focus of the designs was on creating new spaces and the strategy of annexation was used more than installation and intervention. Also, the annexations were mainly formed in the form of two groups of space and element and the most extensive changes were in the facade materials. The final result indicates that the adaptive reuse approach not only helps to preserve and restore the historical castles of Ilam, but also, in the form of educational projects, improves students' understanding of how to integrate contemporary design with the historical and physical values of heritage buildings.
