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Showing 3 results for Reconstruction.
Methods of parchment conservation and restoration
Narguess Afzalipour,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (7-2017)
Abstract
Parchment, typically derived from the skin of goats, sheep, or deer, is a common material for handwritten treasures and various artistic artifacts. It is composed of collagen, some keratin, elastin, and very small amounts of albumin and globulin. Generally, leather is not a single material but rather a group of related materials with many common characteristics. Products made from skin, such as rawhide (untanned), parchment, fur, leather, and others, share many of these properties. Given the sensitivity of these objects, it is essential to conduct tolerance and solubility tests on the parchment, adhesives used in the binding and old repairs, ink, and pigments with respect to solvents used for cleaning, stain removal, and removal of old repairs and additions before commencing parchment conservation and restoration. This is because all materials used may have a specific impact on its structure. In the present study, the structural studies of skin and the manufacturing method of parchment are investigated. Damages and damaging agents have been studied, and softeners, adhesives, and consolidants used have been reviewed based on available resources. An attempt has been made to compile methods of parchment restoration and reconstruction based on the latest available techniques in this field. It is hoped that the initiation of research such as this article will pave the way for broader and more comprehensive research in this direction.

Recovering the Structure and Function of the Ancient Building of Kooh Khajeh Fortress Based on Archaeological Documents and Field Studies
Sara Sedghi, Nima Valibeig , Vahid Pourzarghan,
Volume 3, Issue 4 (3-2021)
Abstract
Sistan is one of the population centers in southeastern Iran. This region is located near the Iran-Afghanistan border and is home to monuments from the Seleucid, Parthian, and Sassanid periods, which have attracted the attention of numerous archaeologists. Kooh Khajeh Fortress, the only natural feature in this vast plain, boasts a collection of monuments dating from prehistoric to Islamic times. Historical documents indicate that during the Parthian Empire, a palace with ritual and religious functions was established on the slopes of Kooh Khajeh, transforming this area of Sistan into one of the worship centers for Zoroastrians. This structure, known as Rostam Castle until around 1500 AD, has also been referred to as Gondafreh Palace, Gaspar Palace, Se-mogh Palace, and more recently as Kafaroon Castle or "Kohan Dezh."Due to the complexity of its various historical layers and the lack of research in this area, many parts of the Kohan Dezh monuments, located on the hillside of Kooh Khajeh, remain unknown. The primary focus of this study is to survey these monuments based on archaeological documents, field studies, and available evidence. The research aims to recover the physical structures of the building through structural reconstruction, as they are undergoing changes and destruction. The necessity of this research is underscored by the limited number of studies conducted on this site. This research employs a descriptive-historical and field-based methodology. The results of the study reveal that the palace's structure includes extensions added after its initial construction. These additions have led to the loss of the building's original form and structure, disrupted the proper movement system, and obscured the architectural decorations characteristic of Sassanid architecture.

Conservation, Restoration and Reconstruction of the Marble Tombstone of Seyyed Ruhollah Kashfi Darabi in Tabriz Islamic Art University
Mehdi Razani, Ali Mirzaei, Ramin Mohammadi Sefidkhani,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
This article examines and identifies the tombstone of the late Seyyed Rouhollah Kashfi Darabi and discusses how to carry out its restoration, reconstruction, and display. The necessity and importance of this research is the attention to the conservation and restoration of outdoor stone artefacts in the museum that are exposed to environmental factors in open areas. This has been accomplished through laboratory studies identifying stones using petrographic methods and examining similar past experiences in the region through field and library research. After documenting, analyzing, and evaluating the intervention and reconstruction methods, the incomplete interventions of previous restorations were cleaned up and rectified. In continuation, the reconstruction of the tombstone was carried out using silicone molds and polyester resin. The restoration intervention was done by examining and comparing various reconstruction methods for such works and the less-considered idea was innovatively implemented by reconstructing the missing parts with polyester resin (simulating marble stone) while considering technical and aesthetic principles. Finally, conservation and restoration measures were carried out using 4% Paraloid B-72 as a coating-stabilizer and it was entrusted to the technical office of Tabriz Islamic Art University with arrangements for display and conceptual space. Despite the positive aspects of the reconstruction measures in terms of technical and aesthetic principles, due to the location of the artifact in the outdoor environment and exposed to destructive environmental factors, follow-up researches are needed to investigate the behaviour of stone and restoration materials.

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