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Showing 2 results for Ethnography
Preparation Methods for Storage and Display of Hats in an Ethnographic Clothing Collection
Maryam Askari Arami, Mohammad Taghi Ashouri, Shahrazad Amin Shirazi, Fatemeh Alimirzaei,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (1-2020)
Abstract
Accessories such as hats are integral components of traditional attire, and undoubtedly, hats rank among the most significant elements of historical and local clothing for both men and women. The diversity and variety of clothing accessories, including hats, preclude the application of a single, universal solution for their care. Improper display or storage of these items—due to folding, environmental contaminants, unsuitable temperature, dust, inadequate lighting, etc.—can cause severe and irreversible damage, altering their structure and form. A tailored approach to conservation, display, and storage, considering each hat’s material, form, and specific vulnerabilities, is crucial for their preservation. Moreover, systematic storage and appropriate display methods can protect hats from numerous degrading factors. This article describes the procedures performed on hats from an ethnographic collection, culminating in the implementation of a conservation plan for these artifacts. The plan included surface and mechanical cleaning, structural stabilization, and provided recommendations for optimal storage and display of the collection.

Recognizing Environmental Rationality and Indigenous Knowledge Patterns in the Protection of Outdoor Sculptures: Bird Repellent Patterns
Farideh Majidi Khameneh,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (11-2025)
Abstract
Outdoor sculptures, as part of cultural heritage, in addition to beautifying cities, play an important role in conveying messages to observers and giving identity to passages, and constitute an important part of art history. The durability of these structures is threatened by atmospheric, human and environmental factors and they are subject to erosion over time. Birds and their droppings are a serious threat to these sculptures and cause numerous damages and corrosion. Even after restoration and spending time and money, this threat remains. The main research question is about what are the solutions and patterns of indigenous knowledge for repelling birds. With the aim of recognizing environmental rationality and extracting patterns, 50 ethnographic reports in the field of indigenous knowledge were examined using meta-synthesis and content analysis methods. Based on the findings, these patterns include:1- Pattern of deprivation of nesting, settlement and food. 2- Pattern of sound phobia. 3- Pattern of fear of moving objects. 4- Pattern of staring at birds' eyes. 5- Pattern of color phobia (birds' fear of a specific color) and 6- Pattern of odor phobia (birds' fear of a specific smell). The research results help to identify areas of synergy between anthropological studies, knowledge of historical preservation, and urban design, and indicate the flexibility of heritage knowledge to solve new problems, as well as the high levels of environmental understanding of indigenous scholars. This rationality is the result of centuries of experience in other areas of life, such as agriculture and gardening, in combating bird damage. Native methods are environmentally friendly, economical, accessible, sustainable and renewable compared to modern methods of bird control.

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