Fatemeh Shervani Tabar , Ahad Nejad Ebrahimi, M. R. Chenaghlou , Volume 7, Issue 1 (6-2024)
Abstract
Karbandi is an arched structural element used for roof coverings in the historical architecture of Iran, distinguished by its high functional and formal capacity, simultaneously serving both structural and decorative purposes. The aim of this study is to answer the following questions: What trajectory has the formation process of Karbandi followed? What are the influential factors in this process and in its evolution into existing types? This qualitative research employs both fieldwork and library-based methods to collect data, which are then analyzed and evaluated. Initially, the gradual transition of common structural systems in historical Iranian architecture towards Karbandi was examined. The concept of Karbandi was also reviewed from the perspectives of various researchers to select the most precise definition. Subsequently, the key concepts related to Karbandi were identified and categorized. Karbandi is formed by narrow arches with chord-based and harmonious geometries, serving both load-bearing and decorative roles. Its primary characteristics include chordal geometry, orderly connections, the layered alignment of main points, and its construction based on a circular framework. The structural components of Karbandi can be analyzed through two aspects: theoretical geometry and practical geometry. It is important to note that the relationship between these two geometries is interactive and reciprocal, with some shared elements. Each of these components has influenced the formation process of this arched element while undergoing changes themselves throughout this process.
