Environmental factors have a key role in increasing the durability of documented and written heritage. Therefore, in order to create favorable environmental conditions in archives and libraries, it is necessary to determine the goals related to environmental management to meet the preservation needs of these collections; and protective measures (to prevent or slow down the process of deterioration of materials) in these institutions should be planned and implemented. The most important environmental factors affecting the durability of library and archive collections include temperature, relative humidity, light, airborne particles, chemical gases, and biological factors. Control and regulation of these factors is the most cost-effective way to increase the useful life of collections. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the environmental conditions continuously, by recording and processing the data. In this study, the requirements, optimal scope, and preventive protection measures contained in some standards and guidelines for the protection and  maintenance of archival and library materials have been investigated. The aim is ensuring the safe preservation of materials and objects sensitive to deterioration. It seems that physical, chemical, and biological mechanisms depend on temperature and humidity which affect the collections in different ways. So, it is impossible to find a safe temperature and humidity range for all collections. Establishing international standards should be recognized as
a long-term strategy that helps to raise the quality of protection processes and improve resource protection knowledge. Based on the studies and experiences gained, the permissible limits can be determined which depend on the material's physical condition, its proper durability over time, and the environmental conditions of storage during the historical period.

On the slopes of Mount Rahmat, located in the southern section of the Throne of Persepolis, between it and the unfinished tomb attributed to Darius III, lies a complex of structures architecturally similar to those situated on the throne itself, sharing the same axis with a deviation of 20 to 25 degrees westward. This complex, known as the Barzan-e Jonoobi, comprises eight separate structures interconnected by designed pathways and corridors and generally features columned halls and porticos. The measures taken to address various climatic challenges in this area, such as managing the slope of the land,
controlling floods from the mountains, establishing order in the form and structures, access routes, and passageways, as well as architectural and urban design elements, reflect the application of urban planning and design knowledge in its development. Unfortunately, after initial excavation and a few preliminary conservation efforts, the structures in the Barzan-e Jonoobi site have been left unattended. The predominant material used in this area is Mudbrick, and the lack of ongoing maintenance has led to the deterioration and decay of these mudbrick structures. The inherently unstable nature of these mud brick structures highlights the importance and necessity of continuous preservation and maintenance of this valuable site. Therefore, in this study, after examining the factors causing damage, a conservation plan was proposed within the framework of a comprehensive protection plan. This plan aims to reduce the rate of erosion and address the damages caused by the identified harmful factors. The research methodology employed in this article is applied and field-based in terms of its purpose and approach, and the data were analyzed qualitatively based on logical reasoning. Data collection tools included library research (note-taking, maps, sketches) and field methods (observations, interviews, photography).

Lacquer paintings hold not only historical significance but also aesthetic value. The motifs and materials used in these artworks can vary depending on the cultural context of the society. Examining these types of works can provide valuable insights into the culture, economy, technology, and native materials of different ethnic groups. Lacquered paintings are considered highly valuable and require careful conservation measures. The purpose of this report is to present the protective process carried out on a lacquered bookbinding from the Qajar era. The initial investigation revealed the need for consolidation, separation of the leather from the bookbinding, surface cleaning, patching, restoration of the corners, priming, coloring, and final coating. To achieve this, the following materials and methods were employed: 5% Plextol for consolidation, a mixture of tissue paper pulp with gelatin and marble dust as a putty to restore the corners, a combination of HV360 adhesive with distilled water and marble dust for the primer layer, acrylic paint for coloring, and a final 3% polyvinyl butyral layer for further protection of the paint layers.

In this research, considering the necessity of conservation and restoration of wooden doors and their significance in Iranian architecture, as well as understanding the structure of historical wooden artifacts, necessary actions were taken to study, restore, and conserve a two-leaf wooden door belonging to the ivan of Sukiass house in Isfahan. Following preliminary damage assessment, various tests (including pH testing, colorimetry, equilibrium moisture content measurement, species identification, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) were conducted on the study sample. The results indicated the acidic nature of the structure of the sample under study, minimal color changes before and after the restoration process, standard equilibrium moisture content, the use of Oriental Plane tree wood (Platanus orientalis L) in the construction of the artifact, and the absence of significant structural damage on the sample surface. Historical wooden artifacts are typically classified into three main categories of physical, chemical, and biological damages. The study sample exhibited physical damages such as abrasion, cracking, and microcracks, environmental temperature effects resulting in color changes on the artifact,s surface, as well as the impacts of dust and debris. In the chemical damage category, tissue acidification in the artifact was observed, along with noticeable impacts of pollution. Biological damages caused by insect infestations, categorized under wood biological damages, were visible as multiple
boreholes on the artifact,s surface. Additionally, the presence of a burnt section at the lower part of one of the door leaves is another damage incurred by the study artifact. In line with conservation and aesthetic principles, necessary measures include cleaning the door and its frame, addressing deficiencies and cracks, protecting the artifact from pests, and applying polish and acid treatment.

In this report we wanted to remind parts of principles and methods of conservation and restoration of pottery objects, and to present reconstruction process of two large pottery Jar (Khomreh) belong to Sassanian period during a written and illustrated report. also, we explained the difference created when choosing materials and methods. The jars were obtained from excavating Varamin Plain by Dr. Morteza Hesari in 2017. They were restored at the conservation pottery workshop of the Research Institute of Cultural Heritage & Tourism Research center for conservation and restoration of relics (RCCCR).

This research investigates methods for conservation, restoration, and reinforcement of the Urartian inscription of Seqindel. It also aims to propose feasible recommendations for improving the preservation and stabilization conditions of the inscription and consequently, the historical site itself. The Seqindel inscription was discovered in 1951 CE near the village of Seqindel, beside a complex archaeological site. It stands as a significant artefact from the Urartian era in northwest Iran, dating back approximately 2750 years. Stone inscriptions are inherently vulnerable to environmental factors that can lead to deterioration. To address this concern, the research incorporates structural studies, pathology assessments, and analyses of the inscription's current condition. The results indicate that priority should be given to emergency stabilization and consolidation to prevent the collapse of the inscription, followed by practical measures for ongoing protection, and finally, preventive conservation. Considering the inscription's location approximately 2 kilometers from the village of Saqindel, the following key recommendations are proposed for its preservation and promotion: 1) Community participation in protection efforts, 2) Tourism enhancement and deterrence of unauthorized excavations, 3) Road construction for improved accessibility,4) Site access and signage development, 5) Natural stone staircase construction, 6) Design and insulation of informative signage, 7) Vegetation revitalization in the adjacent valley.

The "Clogs of the Kaaba" at the Iran Carpet Museum is a pair of metal/ copper alloy shoes by Parviz Tanavoli for an outdoor installation. The work is part of a memorial chapel designed minimalist style within the museum’s grounds. The clogs are crafted to a life-size scale, with their surfaces textured with fine and delicate grooves to enhance their aesthetic and visual appeal. The artist has also applied a dark artistic patina to the surface of the clogs. The interior of the clogs has accumulated dust, soot, and debris from the surrounding greenery. Additionally, prolonged exposure to environmental conditions such as annual rainfall, seasonal temperature variations, and urban pollutants such as acid rain has affected their condition on the ground. The surface of the clogs shows green corrosion products and carbonate deposits. the aim of this operation is to stabilize the clogs and prevent further exposure to harmful urban environmental factors. In order to evaluate and document the current condition, digital photography was conducted on both a macroscopic and microscopic scales. Surface sediment removal was carried out using manual mechanical methods with a scalpel and ultrasonic device. The poultice method was applied in a controlled and limited manner to remove thick sediments using Rachel's salt solution and%2 hydrochloric acid. To protect the surface, a %3 BTA (benzotiazol: C6H5N3) solution was used, followed by a coating of epoxy polyamide solution.