Historic Persian carpets represent one of the most significant categories of movable cultural heritage and are internationally recognized for their artistic, historical, and cultural values. Owing to their dual functional and museum roles, conservation and restoration practices have long been influenced by both traditional market-oriented repair methods and modern museum conservation approaches. Consequently, the absence of a comprehensive scientific guideline for the conservation and restoration of historic carpets remains an important challenge. This study aimed to identify the principal scientific stages involved in the conservation of historic carpets and to formulate a practical guideline based on expert knowledge and existing conservation practices. Data were collected through documentary research, field investigations, and semi-structured interviews with traditional carpet repairers, museum conservators, researchers, collectors, and university educators. The findings indicate that traditional carpet repair primarily emphasizes reconstructing the original appearance and restoring visual integrity, whereas contemporary museum conservation focuses on preserving authenticity through documentation, minimum intervention, reversibility, and preventive conservation. The study concludes that conservation of historic carpets should follow a systematic sequence beginning with documentation and technical assessment, followed by appropriate cleaning, structural stabilization, and long-term preventive conservation. This framework provides a scientific basis for conservation decision-making while preserving the historical and cultural significance of Persian carpets.