The rock inscription, which forms the basis of this research, is located in the Pirghar region and was carved on a rock in Deh-Cheshmeh village under the orders of the leaders of the Bakhtiari Constitutional Movement. The current condition of this monument is not optimal; thus, a detailed and accurate study of the inscription, given its historical and cultural significance, is essential for its proper recognition and conservation. Based on topographic and field studies, the inscriptions have been subjected to erosion and deterioration due to surface water flow and frost. Among the most significant surface factors are snow accumulation, precipitation at higher elevations, seasonal flows on sloping surfaces leading to the monument, and frost during cold seasons, which cause erosion, deterioration, and serious damage to the inscriptions. This study is conducted within the framework of a quantitative research approach, utilizing field studies, environmental assessments, and the Geographic Information System (GIS). To this end, the area hosting the inscriptions was identified using field visits and GIS and RS tools, and the obtained data were evaluated based on the direction and extent of damage. Using GIS, the drainage of runoff from the basin, hydrological operations, elevation ratios of each basin, digital elevation model, slope, slope direction, basins, sub-basins, waterway outlets, and water flow direction in the region were determined. These data will contribute to the damage assessment and preventive conservation of the inscriptions.
