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Showing 3 results for Heydari
A Structural Study of Buff Ware from Shahr-i Sokhta Using Petrography and XRPD
Najmeh Khatoun Miri, Elham Heydari-Karbaski ,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (Special Issue 1.1 2018)
Abstract
Shahr-i Sokhta in Sistan is one of the most significant and pivotal archaeological sites in southeastern Iran, with initial settlement dating back to the Bronze Age (3200 BCE). The site spans an area of approximately 151 hectares, of which 120 hectares contain material and cultural remains. It consists of three major parts: the central area, the industrial zone, and the cemetery. Excavation results indicate four cultural-occupational phases (I–IV), which are further subdivided into eleven sub-phases. Pottery, being the most abundant cultural-historical artifact found across many archaeological sites in southeastern Iran, including Shahr-i Sokhta, holds considerable importance in archaeological studies. It is the only category of ancient object that has survived through millennia with minimal alteration. Archaeologists believe that most of the pottery discovered at Shahr-i Sokhta was produced locally, either within the site or in satellite workshop areas. To evaluate this hypothesis, the present study employed laboratory methods, including petrographic thin section analysis using a polarizing microscope (OPM) and X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD), on three buff pottery samples recovered from grave no. 8525 NFB at the site. The analytical results, when compared with the local geology, indicate that the buff pottery from this site is of local origin. Furthermore, based on structural analysis and the presence of calcite grains, a firing temperature of approximately 800°C is suggested for some samples, while others likely underwent firing at around 900°C.

Research Paper Evaluation of the restoration and technology of tile decorations of Safavid domes in Isfahan from the beginning to the present (Case study: Dome of the Abbasi Grand Mosque, Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque, Chaharbagh School)
Zohreh Motalebi, Omid Oudbashi, Sohrab Veiseh, Dariush Heydari,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (2-2025)
Abstract
The survival of the mosaic tile arrays of Safavid-era domes in Isfahan has been based on the committed cooperation of craftsmen, architects, and artists in this field. There is a great deal of knowledge and skill, from the baking of tiles and plaster to the artistic execution of mosaic tiles, the preparation and processing of mortar and plaster slurry, and mastery of geometry, concerning the complex process of constructing and restoring the mosaic tile arrays of the domes. Given the historical, spiritual, and aesthetic values ​​of the three domes under study, which are also considered symbols of the city of Isfahan, this research attempts to take a step toward-better protection and preservation of these domes. These studies, relying on the process and evaluation of the restoration of the mosaic tile arrays of these domes from the past to the present, have been carried out to understand and improve the restoration technique and eliminate its problems based on library studies, field methods, and data description and analysis in line with the discussions of dome tile restoration and preventing serious damage in the future. The results of the research show that careful attention to the restoration process and analysis of errors in all stages of tile making, mortar preparation, and tile installation contribute significantly to a principled restoration with minimal errors in the tile arrays of historical domes, and as a result, better protection of these masterpieces. Among the most important factors that are effective in improving the restoration process and preventing the implementation from becoming time-consuming are the existence of a comprehensive restoration plan, a management plan, continuous supervision, forming a group and consulting with experts from various related fields, and avoiding trial and error.

Explaining Conservation Solutions Based on the Understanding, Typology, and Pathology of Muqarnas in Mosques (Case Study: Moshtaghieh Complex, Kerman)
Hossein Esmaeili Sangari, Mina Heydari Torkamani, Amirhossein Jafarpour,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (9-2026)
Abstract
Muqarnas, a key element of Islamic architecture, holds both artistic and structural significance. The Moshtaghieh Historical Complex in Kerman, from the Qajar era, features remarkable examples in domes, entrances, and niches. Over time, these elements have deteriorated due to environmental factors, aging materials, seismic events, and improper restorations. This study aims to develop effective conservation strategies through detailed typological and pathological analysis. Documentation included high-resolution photography, measurements, and architectural drawings to classify muqarnas into types such as stalactite-shaped, modular, and layered forms based on their architectural context. Damage assessment revealed issues like discoloration, biological growth, salt efflorescence, cracks, material loss, and deformation.Conservation proposals follow international heritage standards of minimal intervention, reversibility, and authenticity. Strategies include environmental control, compatible mortar consolidation, structural stabilization, and traditional restoration techniques. A significant aspect of the study is the use of 3D digital reconstruction through photogrammetry, enabling damage visualization and restoration planning.This research offers a practical and replicable model for the conservation of Islamic ornamentation by integrating traditional craftsmanship with modern documentation technologies, supporting sustainable heritage preservation and future educational efforts.

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