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Showing 6 results for Emami
Technical Analysis of Pottery from the Aliabad Cultural in Southeastern Iran (Mokhtarabad Site, Shahdad)
Yasin Sedghi, Mohammadamin Emami, Nasir Eskandri Damaneh,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (Special Issue 1.1 2018)
Abstract
This study aims to examine seven pottery sherds attributed to the Aliabad cultural horizon (4th millennium BCE) from the Mokhtarabad site in Shahdad, southeastern Iran. The research focuses on analyzing their structural and mineralogical similarities and differences, identifying the raw and temper materials used, and ultimately determining the origin and manufacturing techniques. Thin-section petrography and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods were employed for this purpose. All samples exhibit similar petrographic fabrics characterized by fine-grained homogeneous clay matrices. Mineralogically, the pottery contains similar inclusions such as angular quartz grains, plagioclase with polysynthetic twinning, feldspar, fine-grained muscovite, as well as carbonate and calcareous particles. The shared mineralogical features suggest a common source, and comparison with the local geological outcrops supports the conclusion of a regional and indigenous origin for the raw materials used‏.‏

Qualitative Pathology Studies in the Rock-Cut Architecture of the Historic Village of Kandovan
Mahdi Razani, Alireza Baghbanan , Seyed Mohammad Amin Emami,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (Spesial Issue 1.2 2018)
Abstract
This study aims to utilize qualitative assessments derived from environmental evaluations and field tests to document the current state of damage, determine strength, and measure hardness in the external surfaces of the rock-cut architecture of the historic village of Kandovan, identifying and ranking the most significant damage factors. Environmental assessment forms were used for documenting the pathology, while a Schmidt hammer (Type L) was employed for qualitative field tests. The entire village was surveyed at 143 points. The results indicate that human activities are the primary cause of deterioration in Kandovan, with the hardness of the rock-cut surfaces classified as weak to very weak. The severe erosion of the outer surfaces of the rock houses is notable. Based on the data, the village was zoned into areas of low, moderate, and severe weathering in terms of surface strength, reflecting the extent of deterioration. Areas with greater exposure to water flows exhibit severe erosion and weathering, while those with less exposure to watercourses are classified as less weathered.

Corrosion Inhibitors: Existing Challenges and Evaluation of Optimization Potential
Parastoo Naeimi Taraei, Seyed Mohammad Amin Emami, Abolghasem Dolati,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (Special Issue 1.1 2019)
Abstract
Various chemical and natural substances have been employed to control corrosion in historical metal artifacts. However, the use of these substances has not always been effective and has occasionally led to secondary issues. This article reviews the existing challenges associated with corrosion inhibitors and investigates factors influencing the selection of materials to optimize corrosion control conditions. Based on available data, a multifunctional derivative of phosphonic acid with active phosphorus and nitrogen centers was selected. Its effectiveness in controlling corrosion of iron artifacts was evaluated through electrochemical impedance and polarization measurements, as well as microscopic methods. The results demonstrate the material’s ability to reduce corrosion rates at very low concentrations with minimal impact on the artifacts’ appearance, marking a significant step toward their preservation. Furthermore, the potential for optimizing corrosion control conditions through the use of complementary materials alongside phosphonic acid derivatives, leveraging their synergistic effects, is discussed.

Cathodoluminescence Microscopy for Interpreting the Technology and Provenance of Archaeological Objects (Case Studies; Pottery and the Stone)
Mohammad Amin Emami,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (9-2020)
Abstract
It is a study of the microstructure of ancient materials that will be investigated using catholuminescence microscopy. The importance of
this method is in the identification of historical materials based on the observation and analysis of structures that are not observable in other
methods of microscopic studies. The cathodoluminescence properties of materials and their microscopic observation can be used both in the analysis of production technology and concerning the historical origin of materials. This study examined several samples of prehistoric and historic ceramics from Haft Tappeh, ChoghaZanbil, Persepolis and some stones from the Pasargadae foundation. The thermal regime and temperature of the pottery are determined based on the type of crystalline material in the pottery matrix and the phase changes during cooking, to interpret the technology and origin of the pottery. On the other hand, identification of the luminescence characters created by the minerals in the carbonate rocks of the Pasargadae and their similarity to the possible mineral rocks in the area (Abolverdi Mine), can provide useful information in identifying the origin of the rocks used in this building. To determine the microscopic applications of catholuminescence, all the materials studied were first studied using standard laboratory methods, such as optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and thermal studies to determine the phase changes of crystalline and mineral phases and determine the firing temperature of the pottery. Complementary results based on catholuminescence microscopy indicate the observation of the process of crystalline changes and the heating of the pottery matrix based on the type and quality of the raw materials used and their similarities and differences in the pottery texture. Also, the observation of the microstructures of the rocks based on their mineralogy and microfossils which were contained in it and are not normally visible, provides useful information about the similarity of the types of stones used in the construction of Pasargadae with the rock outcrops from the mines around Pasargadae.

Charactrization and Elemental Analysis of Mina'i Pottery from Alamut Castle Using Scanning Proton Microscope
Davoud Agha-Aligol, Mohammad Lamehi-Rachti, Mahmoud Moradi, Melika Yazdani, Seyed Mohammad Amin Emami ,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (6-2024)
Abstract
The measurement of the elemental composition of historical pottery is of particular importance. By examining the elemental composition of the body and glaze of historical pottery, one can obtain valuable information regarding the determination of raw materials and their diversity, as well as techniques employed in the manufacturing of these historical objects. In this research, 12 samples of the mina'i pottery from Alamut Castle, dating back to the 11th to 13th centuries AD, have been studied using ion beam analysis techniques. In this study, the elemental composition of the body, various pigments used in the paintings, and also the baseglaze have been measured using the micro-PIXE. Additionally, the thickness of the gold layer applied on the surfaces of some of these potteries has also been studied using the micro-RBS method. The purpose of conducting this research is to provide appropriate answers to the following questions: What raw materials have been used in the manufacturing of the body and glaze of these objects? What sources have supplied the raw materials used as fluxes? Also, what coloring agents and elements have been used to create different colors in the baseglaze and decorative paintings? Measuring the thickness of the gold layer used in these decorations is also one of the goals of this research work. Based on the results obtained from the elemental composition of the body and glaze of these potteries, it can be concluded that different sources of silica and fluxes have been used in the manufacturing of Alamut Castle mina'i potteries. Also, the coloring agents in producing red, white, blue, and turquoise pigments have been identified as Fe, Sn, Co and Cu elements, respectively. Moreover, the micro-RBS shows that the thickness of the gold layer used in decorations varies from 300 to 800 nanometers in the samples.

 
An Overview of The Materials Used In The Consolidation of Historical Bricks: Comparison Between Old and New Materials
Leyli Nemani Khiyavi, Hossein Ahmadi , Seyyed Mohammad Amin Emami,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (3-2026)
Abstract
The conservation of historic bricks is considered one of the fundamental components in safeguarding architectural heritage, as brick, one of the predominant materials in Iran’s historic architecture is exposed to a wide range of complex weathering and deterioration processes. Consolidation, as one of the most important conservation interventions, is employed to enhance structural cohesion, reduce vulnerability, stabilize decay, and improve the durability of porous materials (Doehne & Price, 2011). Nevertheless, although consolidation can mitigate the effects of deterioration, it does not necessarily eliminate the root causes of decay, and when improperly applied, it may result in undesirable secondary and long-term consequences (Daniels, 2015; Kumar Ginell, 1997).

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