other معرفی و تحلیل دو سند تاریخی دربارۀ توسعۀ تهران ناصری تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:IRANsans;">تهران در دورۀ ناصری دچار تحولات فراوانی شد. آغاز این تحولات تخریب باروی طهماسبی، ساخت باروی جدید و توسعۀ شهر در سال ۱۲۸۴ق بود که به سبب کوچک بودن شهر، ناصرالدین شاه دستور آن را صادر کرد. اطلاعات اندکی دربارۀ شکل‌گیری این توسعه و جزییات آن موجود است. آنچه وجود دارد اشاراتی کوتاه در کتب تاریخی و روزنامه‌های دورۀ قاجار است که سؤالات بی‌شماری را بی‌پاسخ گذاشته است. در این مقاله سعی شده با معرفی و تحلیل دو سند دیوانی مربوط به توسعۀ تهران در دورۀ ناصری، نحوۀ شکل‌گیری و برنامه‌ریزی برای گسترش شهر توضیح داده شود. در اینجا ابتدا اسناد معرفی و سپس با تحلیل آن‌ها چگونگی شکل‌گیری توسعۀ تهران شناخته می‌شود. این اسناد حاوی نکات متعدد و مهمی راجع به ملاحظات شهرسازی مورد توجه بانیان توسعۀ تهران ناصری است. طبق این دو سند در توسعۀ شهر تهران شکل و اندازۀ شهر، مسائل آماری همچون تعداد خانوارهای ساکن، مساحت زمین، تفکیک کاربری‌های مسکونی و غیرمسکونی مورد نیاز، نحوۀ تأمین هزینه‌ها و نیروی کار لحاظ شده است. برای درک بهتر این دو سند در بستر تحول تاریخی تهران، علاوه بر مشخصات ظاهری سند، از تاریخچۀ تحولات تهران در زمان ناصری نیز یاد شده است. در پایان تصاویر اسناد آورده شده است.</span></span><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"><span style="color:red;"></span></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;">Tehran has changed a lot at the time of Nasiruddin Shah. The changes began from the destruction of Tahmāsbī fortress and constructing a new one and development of the city in 1867. These were done because the town was small; therefore, Nasiruddin Shah ordered to make the changes. There is a very few information about the formation of the development and its details. The existing data can be extracted from historical books and newspapers which were published during the Qajar period and left numerous questions unanswered. There are at least two official documents -about the development of Tehran at the time of Nasiruddin Shah- which the researchers neglected to examine. This paper tries to describe the formation and city planning of Tehran at the time by introducing and analyzing the said documents. Disregarding how much the development is in conformity with the said documents, studying their contents clarifies what kind of thoughts on urban planning were accessible for implementing this development. The records under study are kept in the Boyūtāt Album No. 188 existing in the &ldquo;National Library and Achieves of the Islamic Republic of Iran&rdquo;. These documents which address Nasiruddin Shah propose some suggestions about the development of the city of Tehran and constructing a new fortress. The author of the documents is unknown. These two documents were firstly published in &ldquo;Ganjīne-ye Asnad&rdquo; Magazine along with several other accounts. As there were several mistakes in the first deciphering, I tried to decipher and rewrite the documents scientifically. &nbsp;Besides their physical specifics, to understand them in the context of Tehran&rsquo;s historical changes, a summary on the changes in Tehran at the time of Nasiruddin Shah is provided.&nbsp;<br> These documents contain numerous and essential facts about city planning that have been in the minds of the founders of the development of Tehran at the time of Nasiruddin Shah. The first document is in two parts; in the first part the author proposes several suggestions about the form and size of the city, and in the second part, he/she aims to provide how to secure the costs. In the second document, the offerer endeavors to enumerate the benefits of the development of Tehran and convince Nasiruddin Shah to accept the suggestions.&nbsp;<br> These two documents reveal following points on the development of Tehran: form and size of the town, statistical issues such as the number of residing households, field area, separating needed residential and non-residential uses, how to secure the costs and the labor force. Moreover, these deeds are essential references for the land price in that period as well as measurement units for length and area in large scales, i.e., at city scale at the time of Nasiruddin Shah. Besides, according to these documents, man can prove the relationship between the twelve gates of the Nāsserī fortress with the Shiite twelve Imams. &nbsp;</div> توسعۀ تهران, باروی ناصری, اسناد دیوانی. Development of Tehran, Nasseri Fortification, Official documents 41 52 http://journal.richt.ir/athar/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1659-8&slc_lang=other&sid=1 Farideh Kalhor فریده کلهر Fh_kalhor@yahoo.com Yes M.A. in the Iranian Architecture Studies کارشناس ارشد مطالعات معماری ایران