fa توصیف و تحلیل بقایای معماری و آجرهای اشکانی محوطۀ تشویر طارم زنجان تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <span style="font-family:b mitra;">شهرستان</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">طارم</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">در</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">شمال</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">شرقی</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">استان</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">زنجان</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">واقع</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">با</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">استان</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">های</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">گیلان</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">اردبیل</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">همجوار</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">است</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:bnazanin;">. </span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;">این</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">موقعیت</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">سبب</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">تأثیرپذیری</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">از</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">فرهنگ</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">های</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">این</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">مناطق</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">در</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">ادوار</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">پیش</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">از</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">تاریخ</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">تاریخی</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">شده</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">است</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:bnazanin;">. </span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;">علی</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">رغم</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">اهمیت</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">این</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">منطقه</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">کاوش</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">های</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">باستان</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">شناسی</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">برای</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">روشن</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">شدن</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">این</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">تبادلات</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">همچنین</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">شناخت</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">فرهنگ</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">های</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">این</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">منطقه</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">صورت</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">نگرفته</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">است</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:bnazanin;">. </span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;">یکی</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">از</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">این</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">محوطه</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">ها</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">که</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">نشان</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">دهندۀ</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">این</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">تبادلات</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">است،</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">محوطۀ</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">تشویر</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">است</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">که</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">بر</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">اثر</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">فعالیت</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">های</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">راه</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">سازی</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">در</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">سال</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:bnazanin;"> ۱۳۸۹ </span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;">کشف</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">شد</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:bnazanin;">. </span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;">در</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">کاوش</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">نجات</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">بخشی</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">این</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">محوطه،</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">نگارنده</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">برای</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">روشن</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">کردن</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">وضعیت</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">آثار</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">بقایای</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">معماری</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">چهار</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">ترانشه</span> <span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:minionpro-regular,serif;">A </span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:bnazanin;"> B</span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span> <span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:minionpro-regular,serif;">C </span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span> <span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:minionpro-regular,serif;">D </span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;">در</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">دیوارۀ</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">برش</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">خوردۀ</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">جاده</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">حفر</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">کرد</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">که</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">در</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">نتیجۀ</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">آن</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">بقایای</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">معماری</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">بخشی</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">از</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">یک</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">سازۀ</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">عظیم</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">مشخص</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">شد</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:bnazanin;">. </span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;">بیشترین</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">آثار</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">معماری</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">داده</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">های</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">سفالی</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">از</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">ترانشۀ</span> <span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:minionpro-regular,serif;">A </span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;">که</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">بزرگ</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">ترین</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">ترانشۀ</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">ایجادشده</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">از</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">نظر</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">ابعاد</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">اندازه</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">بود</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">به</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">دست</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">آمد</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:bnazanin;">. </span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;">در</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">این</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">سازه</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">آجرهای</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">بزرگی</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">به</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">اندازه</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">های</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">مختلف</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">همچنین</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">در</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">ابعاد</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">کوچکتر</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">به</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">دست</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">آمد</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:bnazanin;">. </span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;">که</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">در</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">این</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">مقاله</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">به</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">علت</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">اهمیت</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">این</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">آثار</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">به</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">توصیف</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">طبقه</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">بندی</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">همچنین</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">مقایسۀ</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">آنها</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">با</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">نمونه</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">های</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">مشابه</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">که</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">در</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">محوطه</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">های</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">دورۀ</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">اشکانی</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">به</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">دست</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">آمده</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">پرداخته</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">شده</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">است،</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">که</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">هم</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">مبنایی</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">برای</span><span style="font-family:b mitra;">ئ </span><span style="font-family:b mitra;">تاریخ</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">گذاری</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">این</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">محوطه</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">به</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">شمار</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">می</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">رود</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">هم</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">نشا</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">ندهندۀ</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">استاندارد</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">شیوۀ</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">معماری</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">خاص</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">دورۀ</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">اشکانی</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">است</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">که</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">در</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">این</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">محوطه</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">کاوش</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">شده</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">اند</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:bnazanin;">. </span></span><span style="font-family:b mitra;">بنابراین</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">بر</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">اساس</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">آثار</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">معماری</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">شیوۀ</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">ساخت</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">بناها</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">سفال</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">های</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">به</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">دست</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">آمده،</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">این</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">محوطه</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">مربوط</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">به</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">دورۀ</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">اشکانی</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">میانه</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">و</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">متأخر</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">است</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">که</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">تا</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">اوایل</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">دورۀ</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">ساسانی</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">همچنان</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">تداوم</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">داشته</span> <span style="font-family:b mitra;">است</span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:bnazanin;">.</span></span> زنجان, طارم, محوطۀ تشویر, معماری, آجر. 89 101 http://journal.richt.ir/athar/browse.php?a_code=A-10-242-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 علی نوراللهی Yes