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Shirvani A, Ghomi Avili A. Hyrcani Forests: Opportunities and Challenges. Tour Res 2019; 1 (3) :47-54
URL: http://tr.richt.ir/article-7-72-en.html

The forest is one of the valuable resources that nature has provided to humans. The Hyrcani forests - also called the Caspian and northern forests - are one of the oldest forests in the world having survived millions of years, from the Third Age of Geology and the Ice Age. Due to the need to increase rangelands and gardens in different periods in Iran, natural disasters, vilification, heterogeneous crop changes, pests, diseases and deforestation have caused large levels of Hyrcani forests to be reduced and destroyed. The proposal to register these valuable forests was initiated by the Ministry of Cultural Heritage in 2017 and was sent to the UNESCO Secretariat two years later. After field evaluation in 2018, at the forty-third meeting of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, in Baku, these forests were listed as the twenty-fourth Iranian registered heritage on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Proper and scientific management of the recorded areas of the Hyrcani forests not only can be a source of protection for these works, but can also generate employment for thousands of people. Challenges of this valuable natural habitat include exploitation, livestock grazing, land use change, lowland elevation and elevation, and threats to natural factors include pests and diseases, fires and natural erosion.